• In 1882 Congress banned entry to all Chinese immigrants except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials: known as Chinese Exclusion Act
• Act extended by Congress for another ten years
• Chinese immigration restricted indefinitely in 1902: not repealed until 1943
Monday, November 24, 2008
Opinion On Our Topic
Opinion on Topic
Different races affected many things in the country in the past and today. We think that the African American slaves back then was wrong. We think that every person deserves to have equal rights and to be free. This did not happen until later on in history though.
When the Ku Klux Klan was introduced in 1865, many people were threatened and killed. The Ku Klux Klan was formed by confederates against the African Americans. They would perform acts such as burning houses, killing, hanging, and much more terrible things to African Americans. This Klan struck fear into many African Americans.
After the Civil War was ended in 1865, all the slaves were declared free. This was a huge step that impacted many of the lives today. On July 9 1868, the 13th was ratified which banned slavery in the United States. Although they were free, they were still restricted many rights and were not equal. The Black Codes restricted many of the African Americans rights. Also in 1868 the 14th Amendment was ratified, which defined citizenship. It said that individuals born or naturalized in the US are American citizens, including those born as slaves. Another big step in history was taken when the 15th Amendment was ratified. This Amendment gave African Americans the right to vote. This played a big impact on how people everywhere throughout the country vote today. Although blacks could vote, many were threatened by others. People would go to voting places and not let blacks vote. They would even kill some if they tried to vote. The government then had to send troops to the southern states to protect the voting areas so that blacks could vote. This helped, but fear of being killed played a big part on the blacks going to vote. These accomplishments for Native Americans would have never been fulfilled if it wasn’t for all of the leaders who stepped up and rallied blacks to demand for equal rights.
The US relation with the Native Americans was very bad. When people decided to start moving west into the new land, they encountered many Native American tribes who have been living there for a long time. The government constantly made deals with the Native Americans for land, but time after time cheated them out and took it back when they found that the land contained valuables such as oil, diamonds ect. Usually there wasn’t even a deal made and the land was taken by force and by slaughter. Many of the Native American tribes were slaughtered for no reason but greed. We interrupted their life of living by killing off all of their food sources which was the buffalo. But in the end, we got what we want, only for the price of millions of lives. We think that what happened with the Native Americans was very bad and should have been resolved a different way. Today we have much land because of what we did, but we are unsure what it would be like today if more land was still owned by Native Americans.
When there railroads were being built, much track had to be laid. These terrible and dangerous working conditions were given to the only ones willing to work that hard. The Irish and the Chinese worked long 12 hour days 6 days of the week. They had to be cautious of diseases, falling off bridges, and Native American attacks. Even though they had hard working conditions they still worked their butts off and the US has benefited from the railroads a lot. It transported people, crops, meat, supplies, and many other crucial factors to improving our country.
Discrimination was also a big factor back then and today. Blacks were treated unfair, called names, trashed, and even killed. Today there is still too much discrimination against blacks. Not only was there discrimination against blacks, but to Asians, Mexicans, Irish, and pretty much any group you can think of. Discrimination is bad for our country, but everyone is entitled to their beliefs. Today, if people are discriminated against they can take the case to court and possibly get a lot of money from the company or person treating them unfair or discriminating.
Footnotes/Sources:
US History Text Book
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/bhmtimeline.html
Different races affected many things in the country in the past and today. We think that the African American slaves back then was wrong. We think that every person deserves to have equal rights and to be free. This did not happen until later on in history though.
When the Ku Klux Klan was introduced in 1865, many people were threatened and killed. The Ku Klux Klan was formed by confederates against the African Americans. They would perform acts such as burning houses, killing, hanging, and much more terrible things to African Americans. This Klan struck fear into many African Americans.
After the Civil War was ended in 1865, all the slaves were declared free. This was a huge step that impacted many of the lives today. On July 9 1868, the 13th was ratified which banned slavery in the United States. Although they were free, they were still restricted many rights and were not equal. The Black Codes restricted many of the African Americans rights. Also in 1868 the 14th Amendment was ratified, which defined citizenship. It said that individuals born or naturalized in the US are American citizens, including those born as slaves. Another big step in history was taken when the 15th Amendment was ratified. This Amendment gave African Americans the right to vote. This played a big impact on how people everywhere throughout the country vote today. Although blacks could vote, many were threatened by others. People would go to voting places and not let blacks vote. They would even kill some if they tried to vote. The government then had to send troops to the southern states to protect the voting areas so that blacks could vote. This helped, but fear of being killed played a big part on the blacks going to vote. These accomplishments for Native Americans would have never been fulfilled if it wasn’t for all of the leaders who stepped up and rallied blacks to demand for equal rights.
The US relation with the Native Americans was very bad. When people decided to start moving west into the new land, they encountered many Native American tribes who have been living there for a long time. The government constantly made deals with the Native Americans for land, but time after time cheated them out and took it back when they found that the land contained valuables such as oil, diamonds ect. Usually there wasn’t even a deal made and the land was taken by force and by slaughter. Many of the Native American tribes were slaughtered for no reason but greed. We interrupted their life of living by killing off all of their food sources which was the buffalo. But in the end, we got what we want, only for the price of millions of lives. We think that what happened with the Native Americans was very bad and should have been resolved a different way. Today we have much land because of what we did, but we are unsure what it would be like today if more land was still owned by Native Americans.
When there railroads were being built, much track had to be laid. These terrible and dangerous working conditions were given to the only ones willing to work that hard. The Irish and the Chinese worked long 12 hour days 6 days of the week. They had to be cautious of diseases, falling off bridges, and Native American attacks. Even though they had hard working conditions they still worked their butts off and the US has benefited from the railroads a lot. It transported people, crops, meat, supplies, and many other crucial factors to improving our country.
Discrimination was also a big factor back then and today. Blacks were treated unfair, called names, trashed, and even killed. Today there is still too much discrimination against blacks. Not only was there discrimination against blacks, but to Asians, Mexicans, Irish, and pretty much any group you can think of. Discrimination is bad for our country, but everyone is entitled to their beliefs. Today, if people are discriminated against they can take the case to court and possibly get a lot of money from the company or person treating them unfair or discriminating.
Footnotes/Sources:
US History Text Book
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/bhmtimeline.html
Effects on Nation
Discrimination in the north• By 1900 many African Americans had moved to northern cities looking for social equality and better paying jobs
• African Americans were forced into segregated neighborhoods and were discriminated against in the workplace
• Black membership was often discouraged by labor unions
• Employers hired African-Americans only as a last resort
• Competition for jobs between blacks and whites became violent
New York City race riot of 1900
• A young black man, who believed that his wife had been mistreated by a white policeman, killed the policeman
• Word of the killing spread and whites started to attack blacks
Discrimination in the west• Native Americans, Asian immigrants, Mexican immigrants, and African Americans lived alongside white settlers in the west
• In the late 1800s railroads hired more Mexican immigrants than members of any other ethnic group for construction of rail lines in the southwest
• Railroads made the Mexicans work for less money than other ethnic groups
• The National Reclamation Act of 1902 gave government assistance for irrigation projects causing southwestern desert areas to boom: Mexican workers major labor force in agricultural industry
• Mexicans were forced into debt peonage – a system that bound laborers into slavery in order to work off a debt to the employer
• Caused Supreme Court to declare involuntary peonage a violation of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1911
• 100,000 Chinese immigrants lived in the U.S. by 1880
• Whites pushed Chinese into segregated schools and neighborhoods because of their fear of job competition with Chinese immigrants
Discrimination in the south• African Americans were not allowed to share a taxi with whites
• Blacks had to enter buildings at separate entrances
• They were forced to drink from separate water fountains, use separate bathrooms, go to separate schools, swear on separate Bibles, and be buried in separate cemeteries
• One zoo listed separate visiting hours for African Americans and whites
• Blacks were excluded from many public places such as restaurants and libraries
• Many parks barred them with signs reading “Negroes and dogs not allowed”
• African Americans were expected to step aside to let a white person pass
• Black men were not allowed to look a white woman in the eye
• Black men and women were addressed to as Tom or Jane and whites addressed blacks of any age as boy or girl
• Blacks were often called nigger or colored
• African Americans were forced into segregated neighborhoods and were discriminated against in the workplace
• Black membership was often discouraged by labor unions
• Employers hired African-Americans only as a last resort
• Competition for jobs between blacks and whites became violent
New York City race riot of 1900
• A young black man, who believed that his wife had been mistreated by a white policeman, killed the policeman
• Word of the killing spread and whites started to attack blacks
Discrimination in the west• Native Americans, Asian immigrants, Mexican immigrants, and African Americans lived alongside white settlers in the west
• In the late 1800s railroads hired more Mexican immigrants than members of any other ethnic group for construction of rail lines in the southwest
• Railroads made the Mexicans work for less money than other ethnic groups
• The National Reclamation Act of 1902 gave government assistance for irrigation projects causing southwestern desert areas to boom: Mexican workers major labor force in agricultural industry
• Mexicans were forced into debt peonage – a system that bound laborers into slavery in order to work off a debt to the employer
• Caused Supreme Court to declare involuntary peonage a violation of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1911
• 100,000 Chinese immigrants lived in the U.S. by 1880
• Whites pushed Chinese into segregated schools and neighborhoods because of their fear of job competition with Chinese immigrants
Discrimination in the south• African Americans were not allowed to share a taxi with whites
• Blacks had to enter buildings at separate entrances
• They were forced to drink from separate water fountains, use separate bathrooms, go to separate schools, swear on separate Bibles, and be buried in separate cemeteries
• One zoo listed separate visiting hours for African Americans and whites
• Blacks were excluded from many public places such as restaurants and libraries
• Many parks barred them with signs reading “Negroes and dogs not allowed”
• African Americans were expected to step aside to let a white person pass
• Black men were not allowed to look a white woman in the eye
• Black men and women were addressed to as Tom or Jane and whites addressed blacks of any age as boy or girl
• Blacks were often called nigger or colored
Plessey vs Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson case where the doctrine, “separate but equal” was held. The Supreme Court decision held that racial segregation is constitutional. This paved the way for repressive Jim Crow laws in the south.
The Court soon extended Plessey to uphold segregated schools. In Berea College v. Kentucky, 211 U.S. 45 (1908), the Court upheld a Kentucky statute that barred Berea College, a private institution, from teaching both black and white students in an integrated setting. Many states, particularly in the South, took Plessey and Berea as blanket approval for restrictive laws, generally known as Jim Crow laws, that created second-class status for African-Americans.
The Court soon extended Plessey to uphold segregated schools. In Berea College v. Kentucky, 211 U.S. 45 (1908), the Court upheld a Kentucky statute that barred Berea College, a private institution, from teaching both black and white students in an integrated setting. Many states, particularly in the South, took Plessey and Berea as blanket approval for restrictive laws, generally known as Jim Crow laws, that created second-class status for African-Americans.
Immigrants Effects on US
Demographic
· Our replacement rate - 1.93
· Needed replacement rate - 2.1
· Immigration adds to our replacement rate
Economic
· Immigrants take jobs
· Some live in poverty
Social
· Discrimination against minority races
· Immigrants became more accepted
Political
· Catholic - Republican
· Others - Democratic
Health
· Legal and illegal immigrants use health care
· Bring new diseases
Crime
· Commit crime
· Cause others to commit crime - racism
Environment
· More people = more pollution
Education
· Immigrants learn less - language barriers
· Our replacement rate - 1.93
· Needed replacement rate - 2.1
· Immigration adds to our replacement rate
Economic
· Immigrants take jobs
· Some live in poverty
Social
· Discrimination against minority races
· Immigrants became more accepted
Political
· Catholic - Republican
· Others - Democratic
Health
· Legal and illegal immigrants use health care
· Bring new diseases
Crime
· Commit crime
· Cause others to commit crime - racism
Environment
· More people = more pollution
Education
· Immigrants learn less - language barriers
Sunday, November 23, 2008
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